The relationship between miRNA-26b and connective tissue growth factor in rat models of aortic banding and debanding

Background/Aims@#Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a profibrotic factor implicated in pressure overload-mediated myocardial fibrosis. In this study, we determined the role of predicted CTGF-targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) in rat models of aortic stenosis and reverse cardiac remodeling. @*Methods@#Minimally invasive ascending aortic banding was performed in 24 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were divided into three groups. The banding group consisted of eight rats that were sacrificed immediately after 6 weeks of aortic constriction. The debanding group underwent aortic constriction for 4 weeks and was sacrificed 2 weeks after band removal. The third group underwent sham surgery. We investigated the expression of CTGF, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 using ELISA and examined miRNA-26b, miRNA-133a, and miRNA-19b as predicted CTGF-targeting miRNAs based on miRNA databases in 24-hour TGFβ-stimulated and TGFβ- washed fibroblasts and myocardial tissues from all subjects. @*Results@#CTGF was elevated in 24-hour TGFβ-stimulated fibroblasts and decreased in 24-hour TGFβ-washed fibroblasts. miRNA-26b was significantly increased in TGFβ-washed fibroblasts compared with control and TGFβ-stimulated fibroblasts (p < 0.05). CTGF expression was significantly higher in the banding group than that in the sham and debanding groups. The relative expression levels of miRNA-26b were higher in the debanding group than in the banding group. @*Conclusions@#The results of our study using models of aortic banding and debanding suggested that miRNA-26b was significantly increased after aortic debanding. The in vitro model yielded the same results: miRNA-26b was upregulated after removal of TGFβ from fibroblasts.

The relationship between miRNA-26b and connective tissue growth factor in rat models of aortic banding and debanding

Background/Aims@#Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is a profibrotic factor implicated in pressure overload-mediated myocardial fibrosis. In this study, we determined the role of predicted CTGF-targeting microRNAs (miRNAs) in rat models of aortic stenosis and reverse cardiac remodeling. @*Methods@#Minimally invasive ascending aortic banding was performed in 24 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats, which were divided into three groups. The banding group consisted of eight rats that were sacrificed immediately after 6 weeks of aortic constriction. The debanding group underwent aortic constriction for 4 weeks and was sacrificed 2 weeks after band removal. The third group underwent sham surgery. We investigated the expression of CTGF, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGFβ1), and matrix metalloproteinase-2 using ELISA and examined miRNA-26b, miRNA-133a, and miRNA-19b as predicted CTGF-targeting miRNAs based on miRNA databases in 24-hour TGFβ-stimulated and TGFβ- washed fibroblasts and myocardial tissues from all subjects. @*Results@#CTGF was elevated in 24-hour TGFβ-stimulated fibroblasts and decreased in 24-hour TGFβ-washed fibroblasts. miRNA-26b was significantly increased in TGFβ-washed fibroblasts compared with control and TGFβ-stimulated fibroblasts (p < 0.05). CTGF expression was significantly higher in the banding group than that in the sham and debanding groups. The relative expression levels of miRNA-26b were higher in the debanding group than in the banding group. @*Conclusions@#The results of our study using models of aortic banding and debanding suggested that miRNA-26b was significantly increased after aortic debanding. The in vitro model yielded the same results: miRNA-26b was upregulated after removal of TGFβ from fibroblasts.

Circulating Respiratory Syncytial Virus Genotypes and Genetic Variability of the G Gene during 2017 and 2018/2019 Seasonal Epidemics Isolated from Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Daejeon, Korea

Background@#Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major pathogen causing respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. The aim of this study was to confirm the genetic evolution of RSV causing respiratory infections in children at Daejeon in Korea, through G gene analysis of RSV-A and RSV-B strains that were prevalent from 2017 to 2019. @*Methods@#Pediatric patients admitted for lower respiratory tract infections at The Catholic University of Korea Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital in the 2017 and 2018/2019 RSV seasonal epidemics, who had RSV detected via multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were included. The nucleic acid containing RSV-RNA isolated from each of the patients' nasal discharge during standard multiplex PCR testing was stored. The G gene was sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was performed using MEGA X program and the genotype was confirmed. @*Results@#A total of 155 specimens including 49 specimens from 2017 and 106 specimens from 2018-2019 were tested. The genotype was confirmed in 18 specimens (RSV-A:RSV-B = 4:14) from 2017 and 8 specimens (RSV-A:RSV-B = 7:1) from 2018/2019. In the phylogenetic analysis, all RSV-A type showed ON1 genotype and RSV-B showed BA9 genotype. @*Conclusion@#RSV-B belonging to BA9 in 2017, and RSV-A belonging to ON1 genotype in 2018/2019 was the most prevalent circulating genotypes during the two RSV seasons in Daejeon, Korea.

Circulating Respiratory Syncytial Virus Genotypes and Genetic Variability of the G Gene during 2017 and 2018/2019 Seasonal Epidemics Isolated from Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infections in Daejeon, Korea

Background@#Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major pathogen causing respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. The aim of this study was to confirm the genetic evolution of RSV causing respiratory infections in children at Daejeon in Korea, through G gene analysis of RSV-A and RSV-B strains that were prevalent from 2017 to 2019. @*Methods@#Pediatric patients admitted for lower respiratory tract infections at The Catholic University of Korea Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital in the 2017 and 2018/2019 RSV seasonal epidemics, who had RSV detected via multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were included. The nucleic acid containing RSV-RNA isolated from each of the patients' nasal discharge during standard multiplex PCR testing was stored. The G gene was sequenced and phylogenetic analysis was performed using MEGA X program and the genotype was confirmed. @*Results@#A total of 155 specimens including 49 specimens from 2017 and 106 specimens from 2018-2019 were tested. The genotype was confirmed in 18 specimens (RSV-A:RSV-B = 4:14) from 2017 and 8 specimens (RSV-A:RSV-B = 7:1) from 2018/2019. In the phylogenetic analysis, all RSV-A type showed ON1 genotype and RSV-B showed BA9 genotype. @*Conclusion@#RSV-B belonging to BA9 in 2017, and RSV-A belonging to ON1 genotype in 2018/2019 was the most prevalent circulating genotypes during the two RSV seasons in Daejeon, Korea.

Molecular Epidemiologic Study of a Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Outbreak at a Newborn Nursery and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit

PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the molecular epidemiology of a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) outbreak at a newborn nursery and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).METHODS: During the outbreak, from August to September 2017, MRSA isolates collected from neonates and medical staff underwent genotyping and screened for virulence factors. Antibiotic susceptibilities were tested.RESULTS: During the study period, 41 neonates were admitted at the nursery (n=27) and NICU (n=14). Of these, 7 had MRSA infections (skin infection [n=6] and sepsis [n=1]) and 4 were colonized with MRSA. Associated medical staff (n=32) were screened; three were nasal MRSA carriers. Staphylococcal chromosomal cassette mec (SCCmec) type II, sequence type (ST) 89, spa type t375 was found to be the skin infection outbreak causing strain, with multi-drug resistance including low-level mupirocin resistance. SCCmec type IVa, ST 72, and a novel spa type designated t17879, was the cause of MRSA sepsis. Many different types of MRSA were colonized on the neonates; however, SCCmec type IVa, ST 72, spa type t664 was colonized in both neonates and a NICU nurse. All MRSA isolates from colonized infants were positive for the Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL) toxin gene.CONCLUSIONS: The strain causing an outbreak of skin infections had multi-drug resistance. Also, MRSA colonized in the neonates were found to carry the PVL toxin gene. Because different strains are present during an outbreak, molecular epidemiologic studies are important to identify the outbreak strain and colonized strains which aid in effective control and prevention of future MRSA outbreaks.

Dysregulation of MicroRNA-196b-5p and MicroRNA-375 in Gastric Cancer

PURPOSE: Dysregulated microRNAs (miRNAs) can contribute to cancer development by leading to abnormal proliferation of cells, apoptosis, and differentiation. Although several miRNAs that are related to gastric cancer have been identified, the reported results have been inconsistent. The aim of this study was to determine miRNA expression profiles and validate miRNAs up- and down-regulated in gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 34 primary gastric cancer tissues and paired adjacent nontumorous gastric tissues. Total RNA was extracted, and low-molecular-weight RNAs (<200 nucleotides) were isolated for further analysis. Two pairs of tissues were processed for GeneChip microarray analysis, and the identified up- and down-regulated miRNAs were validated by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). RESULTS: In the set of differentially expressed miRNAs, 5 were overexpressed by more than 2 fold, and 5 were reduced by 2 fold or less in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal gastric tissues. Four of these miRNAs (miR-196b-5p, miR-375, miR-483-5p, and miR-486-5p) were then validated by qPCR, and the relative expression levels of 2 miRNAs (miR-196b-5p and miR-375) were significantly different between cancer and normal tissues. CONCLUSIONS: Our results revealed that the expression of miR-196b-5p and miR-375 significantly correlates with gastric cancer. These miRNAs could therefore serve as diagnostic biomarkers of gastric cancer.

A Comparison of Clinical Manifestations of Patients with Tsutsugamushi Disease between Children and Adults / 소아감염

PURPOSE: We compared the clinical manifestations of patients with tsutsugamushi disease between children and adults. METHODS: From January 2003 to December 2012, 768 patients diagnosed with tsutsugamushi disease were retrospectively reviewed, and the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and complications were compared between children and adults. RESULTS: No patterns of annual increases in the number of patients were noted in both children and adults. The higher incidences occurred in October and November respectively. By gender, male outnumbered female in children, but the opposite trend was seen in adults. By residential area, the urban distribution of children was higher than that of adults. Rashes (P=0.001) and eschar (P=0.004) were more common in children, while myalgia was more common in adults. Children had a high prevalence of anemia (P=0.041), and low incidence rates of thrombocytopenia, abnormal liver and renal function. Children yielded better results in the duration of their hospital stay and the incidence of complications (P<0.001). A comparison of the therapeutic effects of doxycycline and macrolide antibiotics, which was performed only on the children, did not reveal any significant differences. CONCLUSION: Compared to adults, children had higher incidence rates of male patients and more often suffered from rashes and eschar. Children yielded better results in the laboratory findings and duration of the hospital stay and complications. Therefore, when children are suspected to have tsutsugamushi disease, especially during its peak occurrence period, detailed physical examination and serological test should be performed to ensure a prompt diagnosis, and the use of macrolide antibiotics, which have fewer side effects, is expected to yield the same therapeutic effects.

Myocardial Mechanics in a Rat Model with Banding and Debanding of the Ascending Aorta

BACKGROUND: Aortic banding and debanding models have provided useful information on the development and regression of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). In this animal study, we aimed to evaluate left ventricular (LV) deformation related to the development and regression of LVH. METHODS: Minimally invasive ascending aorta banding was performed in rats (10 Sprague Dawley rats, 7 weeks). Ten rats underwent a sham operation. Thirty-five days later, the band was removed. Echocardiographic and histopathologic analysis was assessed at pre-banding, 35 days of banding and 14 days of debanding. RESULTS: Banding of the ascending aorta created an expected increase in the aortic velocity and gradient, which normalized with the debanding procedure. Pressure overload resulted in a robust hypertrophic response as assessed by gross and microscopic histology, transthoracic echocardiography [heart weight/tibia length (g/m); 21.0 +/- 0.8 vs. 33.2 +/- 2.0 vs. 26.6 +/- 2.8, p < 0.001]. The circumferential (CS) and radial strains were not different between the groups. However, there were significant differences in the degree of fibrosis according to the banding status (fibrosis; 0.10 +/- 0.20% vs. 5.26 +/- 3.12% vs. 4.03 +/- 3.93%, p = 0.003), and global CS showed a significant correlation with the degree of myocardial fibrosis in this animal model (r = 0.688, p = 0.028). CONCLUSION: In this animal study, simulating a severe LV pressure overload state, a significant increase in the LV mass index did not result in a significant reduction in the LV mechanical parameters. The degree of LV fibrosis, which developed with pressure overload, was significantly related to the magnitude of left ventricular mechanics.

Dysregulated Expression Profiles of MicroRNAs of Experimentally Induced Cerebral Aneurysms in Rats

OBJECTIVE: Cerebral aneurysm (CA) is an important acquired cerebrovascular disease that can cause catastrophic results. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs, playing essential roles in modulating basic physiologic and pathological processes. Currently, evidences have been established about biologic relationship between miRNAs and abdominal aortic aneurysms. However, biologic roles of miRNAs in CA formation have not been explained yet. We employed microarray analysis to detect and compare miRNA expression profiles in late stage of CA in rat model. METHODS: Twenty-six, 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a CA induction procedure. The control animals (n=11) were fed a normal diet, and the experimental animals (n=26) were fed a normal diet with 1% normal saline for 3 months. Then, the rats were sacrificed, their cerebral arteries were dissected, and the five regions of aneurysmal dilation on the left posterior communicating artery were cut for miRNA microarrays analysis. Six miRNAs (miRNA-1, miRNA-223, miRNA-24-1-5p, miRNA-551b, miRNA-433, and miRNA-489) were randomly chosen for validation using real-time quantitative PCR. RESULTS: Among a set of differentially expressed miRNAs, 14 miRNAs were over-expressed more than 200% and 6 miRNAs were down-expressed lower than 50% in the CA tissues. CONCLUSION: The results show that miRNAs might take part in CA formation probably by affecting multiple target genes and signaling pathways. Further investigations to identify the exact roles of these miRNAs in CA formation are required.

Identification of MicroRNAs with Altered Expression Profiles in a Rat Model of Experimentally Induced Early Cerebral Aneurysms / 대한신경손상학회지

OBJECTIVE: Structural adaptation of the vascular wall may occur due to various factors, such as shear stress, pressure, injury or inflammation. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in the development of vascular remodeling has been investigated in several studies. Recently, the authors reported altered expression profiles of miRNAs in late stage of experimentally induced giant cerebral aneurysm (CA) in rat models. But, early biologic roles of miRNAs in CA formation have not been explained yet. We employed microarrays analysis to identify miRNA expression profiles in early stage of CA in rat model and to compare with those in late stage of giant CA. METHODS: Seventy, 7-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent a CA induction procedure. The control animals (n=11) were fed a regular diet, and the experimental animals (n=59) were fed a regular diet with 1% normal saline for two months. Then, the rats were killed, their cerebral arteries were dissected, and the 13 regions of early aneurysmal change on the right olfactory artery-anterior cerebral artery bifurcation were cut for miRNA microarrays analysis. Six miRNAs (miRNA-1, miRNA-448, miRNA-352, miRNA-551b, miRNA-431, and miRNA-485) were randomly chosen for validation using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Among a set of differentially expressed miRNAs, 15 miRNAs were up-regulated more than 200% and five miRNAs were down-regulated less than 50% in the early CA tissues. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides an overall view of miRNA expression profiles in experimentally induced early CAs and strongly supports the idea that some miRNAs, such as miR-31 and miR-27a, play an important role in pathological processes in early CA formation. Further investigations to detect their exact roles of these miRNAs in the pathogenesis of CA are needed.

Reference Value for the Cross Sectional Area of Fibular Nerve Ultrasonography through the Anatomic Investigation in Korean

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the reference value for cross sectional area (CSA) of the fibular nerve in Koreans. METHOD: One musculoskeletal radiologist and one physiatrist performed fibular nerve ultrasonography (US) on 60 lower extremities of 30 asymptomatic Korean volunteers (16 males, 14 females). The mean age was 46.6 years (range: 21-75 years). We measured CSA of the fibular nerve at three sites: proximal portion (PP) at the bifurcation, mid-portion (MP), and an area just above the fibular head (FH). In addition, the fibular nerves of 7 lower extremities from 4 cadavers were cut from the fibular head to the proximal portion and divided into three sections (PP, MP, FH). They were subsequently fixed with 10% neutral buffered formalin and perpendicularly excised to 2 mm thickness. They were photographed by an operating microscope and CSA was measured. Using the Kruskal-Wallis test, measurements obtained from US images were compared between asymptomatic volunteers with a significance level of 0.05. RESULTS: In asymptomatic volunteers, the CSA of the three portions were PP: 13.8+/-1.2 mm2, MP: 11.1+/-1.0 mm2, FH: 10.9+/-0.6 mm2. The fibular nerves were well visualized with clear borders by US. In cadavers, the CSA of three portions were PP: 20.3+/-10.3 mm2, MP: 16.7+/-8.6 mm2, FH: 14.4+/-8.9 mm2. There was no significant difference between the three portions in asymptomatic volunteers and cadavers (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: In normal Korean adults, the area of fibular nerve at the fibular head is 10.9+/-0.6 mm2. Ultrasonographic evaluation of the fibular nerve can be helpful in diagnosing fibular nerve lesions.

Therapeutic potential of adipose tissue-derived stem cells for liver failure according to the transplantation routes / 대한외과학회지

PURPOSE: Even though adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) have been spotlighted as a possible alternative for liver transplantation in an experimental setting, the mechanism by which ADSCs improve liver dysfunction remains poorly characterized. The objective of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic ability of undifferentiated ADSCs, and find a few clues on how ADSCs alleviate liver damage by comparing the transplantation routes. METHODS: In vitro generated human ADSCs were checked for surface markers and stage-specific genes for characterization. Afterwards, they were transplanted into C57BL/6 mice with CCl4-induced liver injury. The transplantations were made via tail vein, portal vein, and direct liver parenchymal injection. At 1 and 3 post-transplantation days, serum biochemical parameters and/or liver specimens were evaluated. RESULTS: We have shown here that ADSCs have the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells, and belong to endodermal and/or early hepatic differentiation stage. After transplantation into the mice with acute liver failure, markers of liver injury, such as alanineaminotransferase, aspartateaminotransferase, as well as ammonia, decreased. Of these transplantation routes, transplantation via tail vein rendered the most prominent reduction in the biochemical parameters. CONCLUSION: Undifferentiated ADSCs have the ability to improve hepatic function in mice with acute liver injury. Moreover, our transplantation route study supports the theory that ADSCs in systemic circulation can exert endocrine or paracrine effects to ameliorate the injured liver.

Secondary Achalasia due to Injury of Vagus Nerve after Chest Trauma: A case report

Achalasia is rare disorder with an estimated prevalence of 0.5~1 per 100,000 per year and secondary achalasia due to trauma is rarer. The following case report describes a patient who developed achalasia after chest trauma. This report presents a 22 year-old male with chest trauma who had hoarseness and postprandial reflux. We suggested the achalasia through video-fluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS), and confirmed superior and recurrent laryngeal neuropathies through laryngeal electromyography (EMG). VFSS and laryngeal EMG are helpful to diagnose the achalasia due to vagus nerve injury after chest trauma.

A Case of Essential Cryoglobulinemic Polyneuropathy Treated with Plasmapheresis: A case report

Peripheral polyneuropathy is caused by various disorders such as diabetes mellitus. Cryoglobulinemia, as a cause of peripheral polyneuropathy, has been well documented in many reports. Recently we experienced a case of essential cyroglobulinemic polyneuropathy and therapeutic effect of plasmapheresis was shown even in chronic periods. In a patient with peripheral polyneuropathy with no known etiology, one should always consider cryoglobulinemia as a cause since early diagnosis and proper treatment will lead to better outcome.

Is Helicobacter Pylori the Pathogen of Chronic Tonsillitis? / 대한이비인후과학회지

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Tonsillar tissue is a component of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT), which has evolved to protect vulnerable mucosal surfaces. Helicobacter pylori, implicated as an etiological factor in duodenal ulcer and gastritis, induces the appearance of lymphoid aggregates in the stomach. Therefore, we investigate the possibility that tonsils can be extragastric reservoir and target tissue for H. pylori. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Campylobacter-Like Organism (CLO) test and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for H. pylori was performed on 98 patients undergoing tonsillectomy. Chronic tonsillitis group (62 patients) and controlled group (36 patients) were enrolled in this study. Tissue samples were collected from excised palatine tonsils. Two millimeter diameter tissue piece that had been obtained from palatine tonsil specimens were placed in the CLO test kit. Remnant tonsils were sent to the Department of Pathology for IHC analysis. RESULTS: Using the CLO test, H. pylori was detected in 60 (61.2%) of the 98 patients, 39 (62.9%) of 62 in chronic tonsillitis group and 21 (58.3%) of 36 in control group. Using the IHC analysis, it was detected in 54 (55.1%) of the 98 patients, 35 (56.5%) of 62 in chronic tonsillitis group and 19 (52.8%) of 36 in control group. There are no significant differences between chronic tonsillitis group and control group with regard to both CLO & IHC analysis. CONCLUSION: This result suggests that palatine tonsil represents an extragastric reservoir for H. pylori infection, but not a target tissue.

Statin inhibits interferon-gamma-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells

Inhibitors of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, known as statins, are widely used for primary and secondary prevention of coronary artery atherosclerosis. Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis is multistep processes where transendothelial migration of various leukocytes including monocytes is a crucial step. Interferon-gamma(IFN-gamma) contributes in this process by activating macrophages and T-lymphocytes, and by inducing adhesion molecules in vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. In this study we investigated the expression of intercellular cell adhesion molecule- 1 (ICAM-1) in transformed endothelial cell line ECV304 cells as influenced by lovastatin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and IFN-gamma. Results show that lovastatin suppresses expression of ICAM-1 by inhibiting the IFN-gamma-induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) p44/p42-STAT1 signaling pathway. In cells treated with lovastatin and IFN-gamma.ICAM-1 was expressed at a lower level than in cells treated with IFN-gamma alone. However, lovastatin does not reduce TNF-alpha induced expression of ICAM-1. A similar result was observed in cells treated with the MEKK inhibitor PD98059 and IFN-gamma. Cis-acting DNA sequence elements were identified in the 5'-flanking region of the ICAM-1 promoter that mediate inhibition by lovastatin; these sequences map to the IFN-gamma activated site which also binds the STAT1 homodimer. However, lovastatin did not inhibit IFN-gamma-mediated induction of the Y701 phosphorylated form of STAT1. But lovastatin does inhibit the IFN-gamma-mediated phosphorylation of ERK1/ERK2 (T202/Y204) and S727 phosphorylation of STAT1. TNF-alpha does not induce phosphorylation of ERK1/ERK2 and S727 in ECV304 and smooth muscle cells. The results provide the evidences that statins may have beneficial effects by inhibiting IFN-gamma action in atherosclerotic process

Reverse Hybrid Total Hip Arthroplasty / 대한정형외과학회잡지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to report the long-term clinical and radiological results of reverse hybrid total hip arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between Oct. 1984 and Dec. 1987, reverse hybrid total hip replacements were performed using cemented all-polyethylene acetabular cup and porous coated tri-lock femoral stem. 26 cases in 25 patients were followed up more than 10 years. RESULTS: The average Harris hip score was 50 points preoperatively, 88 points at last follow-up. Two patients (7.7%) complained thigh pain at POD 1 years and 4 patients (15.4%) complained inguinal pain at last follow-up. On the radiologic findings, endosteal bone formation were observed with bone apposition mainly on the Gruen zone 2 and 6. Osteolysis developed in the proximal portion of the femoral stem, respectively. Definite loosening were found in 9 cases (34.6%) in the acetabulum and none in the femur. The mean rate of linear wear of polyethylene was 0.14 mm/year and the mean rate of volumetric wear was 108.75 mm3/year. CONCLUSION: The high incidence of acetabular loosening, presumably because of poor bone stock and great volumetric wear associated with use of the thirty-two-millimeter head. The result of tri-lock component can provide satisfactory clinical and radiological result.